Imperialism is dominating or taking over a country or territory by a stronger country, During the 19th and centuries, imperialism was a major factor within Britain and Africa. Africa was dominated by Britain in the mid-1800s.
Before European domination, Africa was divided into many linguistic and ethnic groups. Some converted to Islam or Christianity, but most stayed following their traditional beliefs. When transportation was introduced to Europe, they had easier access to Africa and so Europe's domination over Africa began.
There was a theory that certain people were more naturally fit to rule. This was called Social Darwinism. This theory led to the imperialism of Africa. The Europeans wanted to have power over Africa because they believed they were the superior race, also known as racism, and were most fit to rule.
The Crimean War was a war between the Russians and the Ottomans that took place in 1853. They were both after the Black Sea. Britain and France took a role in the war by preventing the Russians from gaining any more Ottoman land. France defeated Russia, but the war also showed the weakness of the Ottoman Empire's military.
The British had a lot of control over India. Many economic problems and resentment towards Britain arose in India. The Indian soldiers, the sepoys, believed that their cartridges were greased with beef and pork fat. Both Hindus and Muslims saw this as outrageous because they are against eating cow. This led to disobedient soldiers and conflict, which ultimately led to an uprising called the Sepoy Mutiny.
AFRICA
The Berlin Conference was a conference that took place in 1884-85. Fourteen European nations met to equally divide Africa, and they agreed that none of the European nations could claim any of Africa without consulting other nations. It was unfair to Africa because no African leaders were consulted. Liberia and Ethiopia were the only free countries by 1914.