In his "I Have a Dream" speech, Martin Luther King Jr. uses an example of ethos when he references the Declaration of Independence, saying, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." By doing so, he appeals to a shared belief system that establishes his credibility as a speaker and lends him authority and respect in the eyes of his audience. This use of ethos also implies that the country has not yet fully lived up to these principles, and that his dream is a vision of a more just and equitable future.
"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.'"
Here, King uses logical reasoning and evidence to support his argument that the struggle for civil rights is ongoing and that more needs to be done to achieve racial equality in America. He cites a specific timeframe (one hundred years) and highlights the continued existence of segregation and discrimination as evidence for his claim. By using logos in this way, King is appealing to his audience's sense of reason and logic, helping them to see that his dream is not only an emotional or moral aspiration, but also a practical and achievable goal.
"But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination."
This section of the speech is emotional and impactful, as it taps into the audience's sense of empathy and inspires them to share King's vision for a better world. By using vivid imagery and appealing to the audience's emotions, King creates a sense of urgency and a call to action, encouraging his listeners to take up the cause of racial justice and work towards a more equitable society. The use of pathos in this speech helps to make it one of the most powerful and memorable speeches in American history.
"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character."
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