If you haven't noticed yet, we love the color green! However, as you can see in my diagram this very thin layer is the crust! We are here right now!
WOW!! We have arrived to the first layer of Earth, the crust! As you can see, the crust is a solid layer, this means it is hard and rigid. Now, I will take out my computer to see the 3D diagram I made back in Mars about Earth's layers. This will help me cross out the layers I have visited and put some notes about it's features. But before we head to the second layer which is the upper mantle, we will grab a sample of the crust to study it when I get back to Mars!
VROOOM!! We need to go really fast in order to get through the crust and head to the second layer, the upper mantle. We have to go at least at 300 km/hr. This is going to be a longer drive since the upper mantle is 2,900 km thick!
Before we go the the next layer, the upper mantle, did you know that the crust is also divided in two parts: continental and oceanic crust! The continental crust is found on continents and the oceanic crust is found on the seafloor. The continental is also less dense and thicker than the oceanic crust. Now last fact! They are made of different materials. The oceanic is made of cooled lava and igneous rocks but the continental is made of silicate rocks.
We have arrived to the upper mantle, the second layer of Earth! This layer is quite interesting. It is mostly solid but it acts as a viscous liquid. Think about it like this, the upper mantle acts like honey since honey is a viscous liquid. Awesome right! Did you also know that the upper mantle is made of dense iron, magnesium, and silicon!
Do you want to hear some interesting facts about the upper mantle! It's temperature ranges between 500-900°C which means that it is very hot and it has a higher pressure than the crust!