They would have an arrow and an ax head contest was to shoot the arrow through the hole of the ax head. The people who didn't make the shot would have the prize of death. The contest insist of having to shoot through 12 axes, you have to string the bow the tightest to have the most power. The men who tried shooting the bow did not expect the prize to be death, which is one of the main reasons why all of the men wanted to try making the shot.
The men and suitors all think that the prize for making the shot is Penelopeia's hand in marriage. But the actual prize was death. Antinoos said that Odysseus was the strongest man and the only man to be able to do this contest. But Antinoos just said that but also thought he was strong enough to do the contest. So Antinoos tried doing the contest himself but he didn't make the shot.
Antinoos died first. So he set the example to everyone that if you fail at this, you die. Most of the men now knew that they would die if they missed the shot, but none of the men knew that they would die if they made the shot. So most of the men weren't worried if they made it because they thought they would be able to marry Penelopeia. But that wasn't the case for them, except one person.
Odysseus, in disguise as a beggar, asked to be able try and make the bow shot himself. Most of the men said that he was being a beggar and that the beggar of all of the men shouldn't be able to shot the bow or get a chance to be in the contest. Telemachus explains to all of the men that he was in charge of the bow and that he could give it to anyone he wants. SO they can't try and tell the other men no. The other men still don't think that he should be able to do that and they all disagree with that fact that he could do that.
Telemachus starts discussing with Odysseus, without knowing its him, to decide if he is going to give him the bow. Telemachus decided to give Odysseus the bow because he doesn't know that it is Odysseus nor that he will make the shot. The men are irritated that Odysseus as handed the bow because in their eyes he was a beggar and someone that wouldn't be able to do it. So Telemachus hands over the bow to Odysseus and all the men are ready to watch him miss his only shot.
Odysseus is handed the bow and he strings it perfectly. He strings it just tight enough to have enough power in order to make the shot. He strung the bow and made the shot. At the same time that he made his shot, thunder happened. In the texted they also foreshadowed that all of the other men were about to be killed because the text says,"the others were still in the quiver, but those present were soon to feel them." The other arrows all got shot at the other men and they all were dead. The only reason this happened was because Odysseus came back.